使用sid方式直接访问pdb(USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER)

发表于 2025 年 02 月 17 日 由 惜分飞

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标题：使用sid方式直接访问pdb(USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER)

作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

有些应用,因为特殊原因,需要通过sid来访问数据库,在pdb环境中原则上都是通过服务名访问的,可以通过一定的监听配置实现使用pdb名的sid来访问该pdb
在pdb0中创建u_test用户并授权

[oracle@ora19c:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Feb 17 22:01:54 2025
Version 19.24.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0

sys@ORA19C 22:01:54> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB0                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDBXXX                         MOUNTED
sys@ORA19C 22:01:56> alter session set container=pdb0;

Session altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.16
sys@ORA19C 22:02:07> create user u_test identified by oracle;

User created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.29
sys@ORA19C 22:02:21> grant dba to u_test;

Grant succeeded.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.01

监听的配置和状态

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )



[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-FEB-2025 22:07:12

Copyright (c) 1991, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora19c)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                17-FEB-2025 22:06:39
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 32 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora19c/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora19c)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "21b067cbda1dbcd4e0630100007f12b6" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "22394b20557aff3ee0630100007fafe0" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "86b637b62fdf7a65e053f706e80a27ca" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora19c" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora19cXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb0" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdbxxx" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

创建pdb0基于服务和sid的tns(pdb0,pdb0_sid)

[oracle@ora19c:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
pdb0 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = pdb0)
    )
  )
pdb0_sid =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (sid = pdb0)
    )
  )

[oracle@ora19c:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin]$ tnsping pdb0

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-FEB-2025 22:03:00

Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521)) 
(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = pdb0)))
OK (0 msec)
[oracle@ora19c:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin]$ tnsping pdb0_sid

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-FEB-2025 22:03:10

Copyright (c) 1997, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521))
 (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (sid = pdb0)))
OK (0 msec)

分别测试pdb0和pdb0_sid访问数据库
测试证明基于服务名的方式可以正常访问pdb,基于sid的方式无法访问pdb

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus u_test/oracle@pdb0

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Feb 17 22:08:35 2025
Version 19.24.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Last Successful login time: Mon Feb 17 2025 22:06:11 +08:00

Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0

u_test@PDB0 22:08:35> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0
[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus u_test/oracle@pdb0_sid

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Feb 17 22:08:39 2025
Version 19.24.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12505: TNS:listener does not currently know of SID given in connect
descriptor


Enter user-name: 
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied


Enter user-name: 
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied


SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus

在listener.ora中增加USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER = ON,并reload加载
注意:USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER 中的LISTENER根据不同的监听名字而发生改变

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ora19c)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )
USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER = ON

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ lsnrctl reload

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-FEB-2025 22:12:13

Copyright (c) 1991, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora19c)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-FEB-2025 22:13:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora19c)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                17-FEB-2025 22:06:39
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 6 min. 26 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora19c/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora19c)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "21b067cbda1dbcd4e0630100007f12b6" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "22394b20557aff3ee0630100007fafe0" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "86b637b62fdf7a65e053f706e80a27ca" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora19c" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora19cXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb0" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdbxxx" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ora19c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

尝试tns名字为pdb0和pdb0_sid名字登录数据库
在listener.ora文件中设置了USE_SID_AS_SERVICE_LISTENER = ON之后,基于sid的方式可以直接访问pdb

[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus u_test/oracle@pdb0_sid

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Feb 17 22:12:16 2025
Version 19.24.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Last Successful login time: Mon Feb 17 2025 22:08:35 +08:00

Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0

u_test@PDB0 22:12:16> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0
[oracle@ora19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus u_test/oracle@pdb0

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Feb 17 22:12:28 2025
Version 19.24.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Last Successful login time: Mon Feb 17 2025 22:12:16 +08:00

Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.24.0.0.0

u_test@PDB0 22:12:28>
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